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the writings-5-第74章

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In conformity with this law; Captain Louis M。 Goldsborough; of the

navy; was nominated to the Senate for continuance as the flag…officer

in command of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron; which recently

rendered such important service to the Union in the expedition to the

coast of North Carolina。



Believing that no occasion could arise which would more fully

correspond with the intention of the law or be more pregnant with

happy influence as an example; I cordially recommend that Captain

Louis M。 Goldsborough receive a vote of thanks of Congress for his

services and gallantry displayed in the combined attack of the forces

commanded by him and Brigadier…General Burnside in the capture of

Roanoke Island and the destruction of rebel gunboats On the 7th; 8th;

and 10th of February; 1862。

ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









FIRST WRITTEN NOTICE OF GRANT



TO GENERAL H。 W。 HALLECK。



EXECUTIVE MANSION; WASHINGTON;



February 16; 1862。



MAJOR…GENERAL HALLECK; St。  Louis; Missouri:



You have Fort Donelson safe; unless Grant shall be overwhelmed from

outside; to prevent which latter will; I think; require all the

vigilance; energy; and skill of yourself and Buell; acting in full

co…operation。  Columbus will not get at Grant; but the force from

Bowling Green will。  They hold the railroad from Bowling Green to

within a few miles of Fort Donelson; with the bridge at Clarksville

undisturbed。  It is unsafe to rely that they will not dare to expose

Nashville to Buell。  A small part of their force can retire slowly

toward Nashville; breaking up the railroad as they go; and keep Buell

out of that city twenty days。  Meanwhile Nashville will be abundantly

defended by forces from all South and perhaps from hers at Manassas。

Could not a cavalry force from General Thomas on the upper Cumberland

dash across; almost unresisted; and cut the railroad at or near

Knoxville; Tennessee?  In the midst 6f a bombardment at Fort

Donelson; why could not a gunboat run up and destroy the bridge at

Clarksville? Our success or failure at Fort Donelson is vastly

important; and I beg you to put your soul in the effort。  I send a

copy of this to Buell。



A。 LINCOLN。









EXECUTIVE ORDER NO。 2。IN RELATION TO STATE PRISONERS。



WAR DEPARTMENT; WASHINGTON CITY;

FEBRUARY 27; 1862



It is ordered:



First。  That a special commission of two persons; one of military

rank and the other in civil life; be appointed to examine the cases

of the state prisoners remaining in the military custody of the

United States; and to determine whether in view of the public Safety

and the existing rebellion they should be discharged; or remain in

military custody; or be remitted to the civil tribunals for trial。



Second。  That Major…General John A。 Dix; commanding in Baltimore; and

the HON。 Edwards Pierrepont; of New York; be; and they are hereby;

appointed commissioners for the purpose above mentioned; and they are

authorized to examine; hear; and determine the cases aforesaid ex

parte and in a summary manner; at such times and places as in their

discretion they may appoint; and make full report to the War

Department。



By order of the President

EDWIN M。 STANTON; Secretary of War。









ORDER RELATING TO COMMERCIAL INTERCOURSE。



Considering that the existing circumstances of the country allow a

partial restoration of commercial intercourse between the inhabitants

of those parts of the United States heretofore declared to be in

insurrection and the citizens of the loyal States of the Union; and

exercising the authority and discretion confided to me by the act of

Congress; approved July 13; 1861; entitled 〃An act further to provide

for the collection of duties on imports; and for other purposes;〃 I

hereby license and permit such commercial intercourse in all cases

within the rules and regulations which have been or may be prescribed

by the Secretary of the Treasury for conducting and carrying on the

same on the inland waters arid ways of the United States。



WASHINGTON; February 28; 1862。



ABRAHAM LINCOLN。









SPEECH TO THE PERUVIAN MINISTER;



WASHINGTON; D。 C。;

MARCH 4; 1862



The United States have no enmities; animosities; or rivalries; and no

interests which conflict with the welfare; safety; and rights or

interests of any other nation。  Their own prosperity; happiness; and

aggrandizement are sought most safely and advantageously through the

preservation not only of peace on their own part; but peace among all

other nations。  But while the United States are thus a friend to all

other nations; they do not seek to conceal the fact that they cherish

especial sentiments of friendship for; and sympathies with; those

who; like themselves; have founded their institutions on the

principle of the equal rights of men; and such nations being more

prominently neighbors of the United States; the latter are

co…operating with them in establishing civilization and culture on

the American continent。 Such being the general principles which

govern the United States in their foreign relations; you may be

assured; sir; that in all things this government will deal justly;

frankly; and; if it be possible; even liberally with Peru; whose

liberal sentiments toward us you have so kindly expressed。









MESSAGE TO CONGRESS RECOMMENDING COMPENSATED EMANCIPATION。



March 6; 1862



FELLOW…CITIZENS OF THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES:

I recommend the adoption of a joint resolution by your honorable

bodies which shall be substantially as follows:



〃Resolved; That the United States ought to co…operate with any State

which may adopt gradual abolishment of slavery; giving to such State

pecuniary aid; to be used by such State; in its discretion; to

compensate for the inconveniences; public and private; produced by

such change of system。〃



If the proposition contained in the resolution does not meet the

approval of Congress and the country; there is the end; but if it

does command such approval; I deem it of importance that the States

and people immediately interested should be at once distinctly

notified of the fact; so that they may begin to consider whether to

accept or reject it。  The Federal Government would find its highest

interest in such a measure; as one of the most efficient means of

self…preservation。  The leaders of the existing insurrection

entertain the hope that this government will ultimately be forced to

acknowledge the independence of some part of the disaffected region;

and that all the slave States north of such part will then say; 〃The

Union for which we have struggled being already gone; we now choose

to go with the Southern section。〃 To deprive them of this hope

substantially ends the rebellion; and the initiation of emancipation

completely deprives them of it as to all the States initiating it。

The point is not that all the States tolerating slavery would very

soon; if at all; initiate emancipation; but that; while the offer is

equally made to all; the more northern shall by such initiation make

it certain to the more southern that in no event will the former ever

join the latter in their proposed confederacy。  I say 〃initiation〃

because; in my judgment; gradual and not sudden emancipation is

better for all。  In the mere financial or pecuniary view; any member

of Congress with the census tables and treasury reports before him

can readily see for himself how very soon the current expenditures of

this war would purchase; at fair valuation; all the slaves in any

named State。  Such a proposition on the part of the General

Government sets up no claim of a right by Federal authority to

interfere with slavery within State limits; referring; as it does;

the absolute control of the subject in each case to the State and its

people immediately interested。  It is proposed as a matter of

perfectly free choice with them。



In the annual message last December; I thought fit to say; 〃The Union

must be preserved; and hence all indispensable means must be

employed。〃 I said this not hastily; but deliberately。  War has been

made and continues to be an indispensable means to this end。  A

practical reacknowledgment of the national authority would render the

war unnecessary; and it would at once cease。  If; however; resistance

continues; the war must also continue; and it is impossible to

foresee all the incidents which may attend and all the ruin which may

follow it。  Such as may seem indispensable or may obviously promise

great efficiency toward ending the struggle must and will come。



The proposition now made (though an offer only); I hope it may be

esteemed no offense to ask whether the pecuniary consideration

tendered would not be of more value to the States and private persons

concerned than are the institution and property in it in the present

aspect of affairs。



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