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the autobiography of ben franklin(云源声針爽徭勧)-及29嫗

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!!!!隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��




none of those he preach'd were his own�察�adding�察�that his memory was such 

as enabled him to retain and repeat any sermon after one reading only。 On 

our defeat�察�he left us in search elsewhere of better fortune�察�and I quitted 

the   congregation�察  �never   joining   it   after�察  �tho'   I   continu'd   many   years   my 

subscription for the support of its ministers。 

     I had begun in 1733 to study languages�察�I soon made myself so much a 

master   of   the   French   as   to   be   able   to   read   the   books   with   ease。   I   then 

undertook   the   Italian。   An   acquaintance�察  �who   was   also   learning   it�察  �us'd 

often to tempt me to play chess with him。 Finding this took up too much of 

the   time   I   had   to   spare   for   study�察  �I   at   length   refus'd   to   play   any   more�察�

unless on this condition�察�that the victor in every game should have a right 

to impose a task�察�either in parts of the grammar to be got by heart�察�or in 

translations�察�etc。�察�which tasks the vanquish'd was to perform upon honour�察�



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before   our   next   meeting。 As   we   play'd   pretty   equally�察  �we   thus   beat   one 

another into that language。 I afterwards with a little painstaking�察�acquir'd 

as much of the Spanish as to read their books also。 

     I   have   already   mention'd   that   I   had   only   one   year's   instruction   in   a 

Latin   school�察  �and   that   when   very   young�察  �after   which   I   neglected   that 

language      entirely。   But�察  �when    I  had   attained   an   acquaintance      with   the 

French�察  �Italian�察  �and   Spanish�察  �I   was   surpriz'd   to   find�察  �on   looking   over   a 

Latin Testament�察�that I understood so much more of that language than I 

had imagined�察�which encouraged me to apply myself again to the study of 

it�察�and I met with more success�察�as those preceding languages had greatly 

smooth'd my way。 

     From      these    circumstances�察      �I  have    thought     that   there    is  some 

inconsistency   in   our   common   mode   of   teaching   languages。   We   are   told 

that it is proper to begin first with the Latin�察�and�察�having acquir'd that�察�it 

will be more easy to attain those modern languages which are deriv'd from 

it�察�and yet we do not begin with the Greek�察�in order more easily to acquire 

the Latin。 It is true that�察�if you can clamber and get to the top of a staircase 

without using the steps�察�you will more easily gain them in descending�察�but 

certainly�察�if you begin with the lowest you will with more ease ascend to 

the top�察�and I would therefore offer it to the consideration of those who 

superintend the education of our youth�察�whether�察�since many of those who 

begin   with   the   Latin   quit   the   same   after   spending   some   years   without 

having   made   any   great   proficiency�察  �and   what   they   have   learnt   becomes 

almost   useless�察  �so   that   their   time   has   been   lost�察  �it   would   not   have   been 

better to have begun with the French�察�proceeding to the Italian�察�etc。�察�for�察�

tho'�察�after spending the same time�察�they should quit the study of languages 

and never arrive at the Latin�察�they would�察�however�察�have acquired another 

tongue or two�察�that�察�being in modern use�察�might be serviceable to them in 

common life。 

     After ten years' absence from Boston�察�and having become easy in my 

circumstances�察�I made a journey thither to visit my relations�察�which I could 

not sooner well afford。 In returning�察�I call'd at Newport to see my brother�察�

then   settled   there   with   his   printing´house。   Our   former   differences   were 

forgotten�察�and our meeting was very cordial and affectionate。 He was fast 



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declining   in   his   health�察  �and   requested   of   me   that�察  �in   case   of   his   death�察�

which he apprehended not far distant�察�I would take home his son�察�then but 

ten    years    of  age�察   �and   bring    him    up   to   the   printing    business。     This    I 

accordingly  perform'd�察  �sending   him   a   few   years   to   school   before   I   took 

him into the office。 His mother carried on the business till he was grown 

up�察  �when   I   assisted   him   with   an   assortment   of   new   types�察  �those   of   his 

father  being   in   a   manner   worn   out。 Thus   it   was   that   I  made   my  brother 

ample   amends   for   the   service   I   had   depriv'd   him   of   by   leaving   him   so 

early。 

     In   1736   I   lost   one   of   my   sons�察  �a   fine   boy   of   four   years   old�察  �by   the 

small´pox�察  �taken   in   the   common   way。   I   long   regretted   bitterly�察  �and   still 

regret that I had not given it to him by inoculation。 This I mention for the 

sake   of   parents   who   omit   that   operation�察  �on   the   supposition   that   they 

should   never   forgive   themselves   if   a   child   died   under   it�察  �my   example 

showing that the regret may be the same either way�察�and that�察�therefore�察�

the safer should be chosen。 

     Our      club�察   �the   Junto�察    �was    found     so    useful�察   �and    afforded      such 

satisfaction to the members�察�that several were desirous of introducing their 

friends�察  �which   could   not   well   be   done   without   exceeding   what   we   had 

settled as a convenient number�察�viz。�察�twelve。 We had from the beginning 

made   it   a   rule   to   keep   our   institution   a   secret�察  �which   was   pretty   well 

observ'd�察�the intention was to avoid applications of improper persons for 

admittance�察�some of whom�察�perhaps�察�we might find it difficult to refuse。 I 

was   one   of   those   who   were   against   any   addition   to   our   number�察  �but�察�

instead   of   it�察  �made   in   writing   a   proposal�察  �that   every   member   separately 

should endeavor to form a subordinate club�察�with the same rules respecting 

queries�察�etc。�察�and without informing them of the connection with the Junto。 

The advantages proposed were�察�the improvement of so many more young 

citizens   by   the   use   of   our   institutions�察  �our   better   acquaintance   with   the 

general      sentiments      of   the   inhabitants     on    any   occasion�察     �as   the   Junto 

member might propose what queries we should desire�察�and was to report 

to   the   Junto    what     pass'd    in  his   separate     club�察  �the   promotion       of  our 

particular   interests   in   business   by   more   extensive   recommendation�察  �and 

the   increase   of   our   influence   in   public   affairs�察  �and   our   power   of   doing 



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good by spreading thro' the several clubs the sentiments of the Junto。 

     The   project   was   approv'd�察  �and   every   member   undertook   to   form   his 

club�察�but they did not all succeed。 Five or six only were compleated�察�which 

were called by different names�察�as the Vine�察�the Union�察�the Band�察�etc。 They 

were   useful   to   themselves�察  �and   afforded   us   a   good   deal   of   amusement�察�

information�察     �and   instruction�察   �besides   answering�察     �in  some    considerable 

degree�察�our views of influencing the public opinion on particular occasions�察�

of which I shall give some instances in course of time as they happened。 

     My     first  promotion     was   my    being    chosen�察   �in  1736�察  �clerk   of   the 

General Assembly。 The choice was made that year without opposition�察�but 

the year following�察�when I was again propos'd ��the choice�察�like that of the 

members�察�being annual���察�a new member made a long speech against me�察�in 

order to favour some other candidate。 I was�察�however�察�chosen�察�which was 

the more agreeable to me�察�as�察�besides the pay for the immediate service as 

clerk�察  �the   place   gave   me   a   better   opportunity   of   keeping   up   an   interest 

among   the   members�察  �which   secur'd   to   me   the   business   of   printing   the 

votes�察�laws�察�paper money�察�and other occasional jobbs for the public�察�that�察�

on the whole�察�were very profitable。 

     I therefore did not like the opposition of this new member�察�who was a 

gentleman of fortune and education�察�with talents that were likely to give 

him�察  �in   time�察  �great  influence   in   the   House�察  �which�察  �indeed�察    �afterwards 

happened。   I   did   not�察  �however�察  �aim   at   gaining   his   favour   by   paying   any 

servile    respect   to  him�察   �but�察 �after  some    time�察  �took   this  other   method。 

Having heard that he had in his library a certain very scarce and curious 

book�察�I wrote a note to him�察�expressing my desire of perusing that book�察�

and requesting he 
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
隆堋響頼��紗秘慕禰厮宴和肝写偬堋響��
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��