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the origins of contemporary france-4-第92章

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Clermont…Ferrand; delegates any of its members to make investigations

or domicialiary searches; to affix seals; and it receives and

transmits denunciations; summons the denounced to appear before it;

reads interrogations; writes to the Committee of Public Safety; etc。

The following are samples of its warrants of arrest: 〃Muller; a

riding…master; will be confined in the former Petit Seminaire; under

suspicion of aristocracy; according to public opinion。〃 … Another

example; (Archives Nationales; F。7; 2475。  Register of the procès…

verbaux of the revolutionary committee of the Piques section; Paris;

June 3; 1793。) Warrant of arrest against Boucher; grocer; rue Neuve du

Luxembourg; 〃suspect〃 of incivisme and 〃having cherished wicked and

perfidious intentions against his wife。〃 Boucher; arrested; declares

that; 〃what he said and did in his own house; concerned nobody but

himself。〃 On which he was led to prison。



'116' Archives Nationales; AF。; II。; 30 (No。105)。  Examination of Jean

Davilliers; and other ransomed parties。



'117' Berryat Saint…Prix; 313。  (Trial of Lacombe and his accomplices

after Thermidor。)



'118' Archives Nationales; AF。; II。; 46。  (Letter of Julien to the

Committee of Public Safety; Bordeaux; Messidor 12; year II。) …

Moniteur; XXII。; 713。  (Report by Cambon; Frimaire 6; year III。) At

Verins; citizens were imprisoned and then set at liberty 〃on

consideration of a fee。〃 … Albert Babeau; II。; 164; 165; 206。  (Report

by Cambon; Frimaire 6; year II。) 〃Citoyenne (madame) Deguerrois;

having come to procure the release of her husband; a public

functionary demanded of her ten thousand livres; which he reduced to

six thousand for doing what she desired。〃 … 〃One document attests that

Massey paid two thousand livres; and widow Delaporte six hundred

livres; to get out of prison。〃



'119' Mallet…Dupan; 〃First letter to a Genoa merchant;〃 (March I;

1796); pp。33…35。  〃One of the wonders of the reign of Terror is the

slight attention given to the trafficking in life and death;

characteristic of terrorism。  。  。  。  We scarcely find a word on the

countless bargains through which 'suspect' citizens bought themselves

out of captivity; and imprisoned citizens bought off the guillotine。

。  。  。  Dungeons and executions were as much matters of trade as the

purchase of cattle at a fair。〃 This traffic 〃was carried on in all the

towns; bourgs and departments surrendered to the Convention and

Revolutionary Committees。〃 。  。  。  。  〃It has been established since

the 10th of August。〃 〃I will only cite among a multitude of instances

the unfortunate Duc du Chatelet: never did anybody pay more for his

execution!〃 … Wallon; 〃Histoire du Tribunal Revolutionnaire de Paris;〃

VI。; 88。  (Denunciation of Fouquier…Tinville; signed Saulnie。)

According to Saulnie he dined regularly twice a week at No 6 rue

Serpente; with one Demay; calling himself a lawyer and living with a

woman named Martin。  In this death…trap; in the middle of orgies; the

freedom or death of those in prison was bargained for in money with

impunity。  One head alone; belonging to the house of Boufflers;

escaping the scaffold through the intrigues of these vampires; was

worth to them thirty thousand livres; of which one thousand were paid

down and a bond given for the rest; payable on being set at liberty。

… Morellet; 〃Memoires;〃 II。; 32。  The agent of Mesdames de Bouffiers

was Abbé Chevalier; who had formerly known Fouquier…Tinville in the

office of a procureur an Parliament and who; renewing the

acquaintance; came and drank with Fouquier。  〃He succeeded in having

the papers of the ladies Bouffiers; which were ready to be sent to the

Tribunal; placed at the bottom of the file。〃 … Mallet…Dupan; 〃

Memoires;〃 II。; 495。  〃Fouquier…Tinville received a pension of one

thousand crowns a month from Mesdames de Bouffiers; the ransom

increased one quarter each month on account of the atrocity of the

circumstances。  This method saved these ladies; whilst those who paid

a sum in gross lost their lives。  。  。  It was Du Vaucel; fermier…

general; who saved the Princess of Tarente 。  。  。  。for five hundred

louis; after having saved two other ladies for three hundred louis;

given to one of the Jacobin leaders。〃



'120' 〃Tableau des Prisons de Toulouse;〃 324。  Coudert; of the

Municipal Council; shoemaker; charged with the duty of taking silver…

plate from the accused; did not know how; or was unwilling; to draw up

any other than an irregular and valueless procès…verbal。  On this; an

accused party objected and refused to sign。  〃Take care; you;〃

exclaims Coudert in a rage; 〃with your damned cleverness; you are

playing the stubborn。  You are nothing but a bloody fool! You are

getting into a bad box! If you don't sign; I'll have you guillotined。〃

Frequently; there are no papers at all。  (De Martel; 〃Fouché;〃 p。236。

Memorial by the authorities of Allier; addressed to the Convention;

document 9。) October 30; 1793。  Order of the revolutionary committee

enjoining nocturnal visits in all 〃 suspect 〃 houses in Moulins; to

remove all gold; silver and copper。  〃Eleven parties are made up。  。

。  。  each to visit eight or ten houses。  Each band is headed by one

of the committee; with one municipal officer; accompanied by

locksmiths and a revolutionary guard。  The dwellings of the accused

and other private individuals are searched。  They force secretaries

and wardrobes of which they do not find the keys。  They pillage the

gold and silver coin。  They carry off plate; jewels; copper utensils

and other effects; bed…clothes; docks; vehicles; etc。  No receipt is

given。  No statement is made of what is carried off。  They rest

content by at the end of the month; reporting; in a sort of procès…

verbal drawn up at a meeting of the committee; that; according to

returns of the visits made; very little plate was found; and only a

little money in gold and silver; all without any calculation or

enumeration。〃 … 〃Souvenirs et Journal d'un Bourgeois d'Evreux;〃 p。93。

(February 25; 1795。) The meetings of the popular club 〃were largely

devoted to reading the infamous doings and robberies of the

revolutionary committee。  。  。  。  The members who designated

'suspects' often arrested them themselves; and drew up a procès…verbal

in which they omitted to state the jewels and gold they found。〃



'121' Ibid。; 461。  (Vendemaire 24; year III。  Visit of Representative

Malarmé。) The former Duc de Narbonne…Lorra aged eighty…four; says to

Malarmé: 〃Citizen representative; excuse me if I keep my cap on; I

lost my hair in that prison; without having been able to get

permission to have a wig made; it is worse than being robbed on the

road。〃 〃Did they steal anything from you?〃 〃They stole one hundred and

forty five louis d'or and paid me with an acquittance for a tax for

the sans…culottes; which is another robbery done to the citizens of

this commune where I have neither home nor possessions。〃 〃Who

committed this robbery? 〃 〃It was Citizen Berger; of the municipal

council。〃 〃 Was nothing else taken from you?〃 〃They took a silver

coffee…pot; two soap…cases and a silver shaving…dish〃 〃Who took those

articles?〃 〃It was Citizen Miot (a notable of the council)。〃 Miot

confesses to having kept these objects and not taken them to the

Mint。…Ibid。; 178。  (Vent?se 20; year II。) Prisoners all have their

shoes taken; even those who had but one pair; a promise being made

that they should have sabots in exchange; which they never got。  Their

cloaks also were taken with a promise to pay for them; which was never

done。  … 〃Souvenirs et Journal d'un Bourgeois d'Evreux;〃 p。92。

(February 25; 1795。) The sessions of the popular club were largely

devoted to reading the infamies and robberies of the revolutionary

committee。  Its members; who designated the suspects; often arrested

them themselves; they made levies and reports of these in which they

omitted the gold and jewels found。〃



'122' Moniteur; XXII。  133。  (Session of Vendémiaire II; year III。)

Report by Thibaudeau。  〃These seven individuals are reprobates who

were dismissed by the people's representatives for having stolen the

effects of persons arrested。  A document is on record in which they

make a declaration that; not remembering the value of the effects

embezzled; they agree to pay damages to the nation of twenty…two

francs each。〃



'123' Berryat Saint…Prix; 447。  Judge Ragot was formerly a joiner at

Lyons; and Viot; the public prosecutor; a former deserter from the

Penthièvre regiment。  〃Other accused persons were despoiled。  Little

was left them other than their clothes; which were in a bad state。

Nappier; the bailiff; was; later; (Messidor; year III。); condemned to

irons for having appropriated a part of the effects; jewels and

assignats belonging to persons under accusation。〃



'124' The words of Camille Desmoulins in 〃 La France Libre;〃 (August;

1782)。



'125' De Martel; 〃 Fouché;〃 
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