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the antiquities of the jews-1-第325章

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to time and place; to be compared with either of those Jewish
writers; in a matter concerning the Jews in Judea in their own
days; and concerning a sister of Agrippa; junior; with which
Agrippa Josephus was himself so well acquainted。 It is probable
that Tacitus may say true; when he informs us that this Felix
(who had in all three wives; or queens; as Suetonius in Claudius;
sect。 28; assures us) did once marry such a grandchild of
Antonius and Cleopatra; and finding the name of one of them to
have been Drusilla; he mistook her for that other wife; whose
name he did not know。

(14) This eruption of Vesuvius was one of the greatest we have in
history。 See Bianchini's curious and important observations on
this Vesuvius; and its seven several great eruptions; with their
remains vitrified; and still existing; in so many different
strata under ground; till the diggers came to the antediluvian
waters; with their proportionable interstices; implying the
deluge to have been above two thousand five hundred years before
the Christian era; according to our exactest chronology。

(15) This is now wanting。

(16) This also is now wanting。

(17) This duration of the reign of Claudius agrees with Dio; as
Dr。 Hudson here remarks; as he also remarks that Nero's name;
which was at first L。 Domitius Aenobarbus; after Claudius had
adopted him was Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus。 This
Soleus as 'own Life; sect。 11; as also' by Dio Cassius andTaeims;
as Dr。 Hudson informs us。

(18) This agrees with Josephus's frequent accounts elsewhere in
his own Life; that Tibetans; and Taricheae; and Gamala were under
this Agrippa; junior; till Justus; the son of Pistus; seized for
the Jews; upon the breaking out of the war。

(19) This treacherous and barbarous murder of the good high
priest Jonathan; by the contrivance of this wicked procurator;
Felix; was the immediate occasion of the ensuing murders by the
Sicarii or ruffians; and one great cause of the following horrid
cruelties and miseries of the Jewish nation; as Josephus here
supposes; whose excellent reflection on the gross wickedness of
that nation; as the direct cause of their terrible destruction;
is well worthy the attention of every Jewish and of every
Christian reader。 And since we are soon coming to the catalogue
of the Jewish high priests; it may not be amiss; with Reland; to
insert this Jonathan among them; and to transcribe his particular
catalogue of the last twenty…eight high priests; taken out of
Josephus; and begin with Ananelus; who was
made by Herod the Great。 See Antiq。 B。 XV。 ch。 2。 sect。 4;
and the note there。
1。 Ananelus。
2。 Aristobulus。
3。 Jesus; the son of Fabus。
4。 Simon; the son of Boethus。
5。 Marthias; the son of Theophiltu。
6。 Joazar; the son of Boethus。
7。 Eleazar; the son of Boethus。
8。 Jesus; the son of Sic。
9。 'Annas; or' Ananus; the son of Seth。
10。 Ismael; the son of Fabus。
11。 Eleazar; the son of Ananus。
12。 Simon; the son of Camithus。
13。 Josephus Caiaphas; the son…in…law to Ananus。
14。 Jonathan; the son of Ananus。
15。 Theophilus; his brother; and son of Ananus。
16。 Simon; the son of Boethus。
17。 Matthias; the brother of Jonathan; and son of Ananus。
18。 Aljoneus。
19。 Josephus; the son of Camydus。
20。 Ananias; the son of Nebedeus。
21。 Jonathas。
22。 Ismael; the son of Fabi。
23。 Joseph Cabi; the son of Simon。
24。 Ananus; the son of Artanus。
25。 Jesus; the son of Damnetas。
26。 Jesus; the son of Gamaliel。
27。 Matthias; the son of Theophilus。
28。 Phannias; the son of Samuel。
As for Ananus and Joseph Caiaphas; here mentioned about the
middle of this catalogue; they are no other than those Annas and
Caiaphas so often mentioned in the four Gospels; and that
Ananias; the son of Nebedeus; was that high priest before whom
St。 Paul pleaded his own cause; Acts 24。

(20) Of these Jewish impostors and false prophets; with many
other circumstances and miseries of the Jews; till their utter
destruction; foretold by our Savior; see Lit。 Accompl。 of Proph。
p。 58…75。 Of this Egyptian impostor; and the number of his
followers; in Josephus; see Acts 21:38。

(21) The wickedness here was very peculiar and extraordinary;
that the high priests should so oppress their brethren the
priests; as to starve the poorest of them to death。 See the like
presently; ch。 9。 sect。 2。 Such fatal crimes are covetousness and
tyranny in the clergy; as well as in the laity; in all ages。

(22) We have here one eminent example of Nero's mildness and
goodness in his government towards the Jews; during the first
five years of his reign; so famous in antiquity; we have perhaps
another in Josephus's own Life; sect。 3; and a third; though of a
very different nature here; in sect。 9; just before。 However;
both the generous acts of kindness were obtained of Nero by his
queen Poppea; who was a religious lady; and perhaps privately a
Jewish proselyte; and so were not owing entirely to Nero's own
goodness。

(23) It hence evidently appears that Sadducees might be high
priests in the days of Josephus; and that these Sadducees were
usually very severe and inexorable judges; while the Pharisees
were much milder; and more merciful; as appears by Reland's
instances in his note on this place; and on Josephus's Life;
sect。 31; and those taken from the New Testament; from Josephus
himself; and from the Rabbins; nor do we meet with any Sadducees
later than this high priest in all Josephus。

(24) Of this condemnation of James the Just; and its causes; as
also that he did not die till long afterwards; see Prim。 Christ。
Revived; vol。 III。 ch。 43…46。 The sanhedrim condemned our Savior;
but could not put him to death without the approbation of the
Roman procurator; nor could therefore Ananias and his sanhedrim
do more here; since they never had Albinus's approbation for the
putting this James to death。

(25) This Ananias was not the son of Nebedeus; as I take it; but
he who was called Annas or Ananus the elder; the ninth in the
catalogue; and who had been esteemed high priest for a long time;
and; besides Caiaphas; his son…in…law; had five of his own sons
high priests after him; which were those of numbers 11; 14; 15;
17; 24; in the foregoing catalogue。 Nor ought we to pass slightly
over what Josephus here says of Annas; or Ananias; that he was
high priest a long time before his children were so; he was the
son of Seth; and is set down first for high priest in the
foregoing catalogue; under number 9。 He was made by Quirinus; and
continued till Ismael; the 10th in number; for about twenty…three
years; which long duration of his high priesthood; joined to the
successions of his son…in…law; and five children of his own; made
him a sort of perpetual high priest; and was perhaps the occasion
that former high priests kept their titles ever afterwards; for I
believe it is hardly met with be fore him。

(26) This insolent petition of some of the Levites; to wear the
sacerdotal garments when they sung hymns to God in the temple;
was very probably owing to the great depression and contempt the
haughty high priests had now brought their brethren the priests
into; of which see ch。 8。 sect。 8; and ch。 9; sect。 2。

(27) Of these cloisters of Solomon; see the description of the
temple; ch。 13。 They seem; by Josephus's words; to have been
built from the bottom of the valley。

(28) See the Life at the beginning of the volume。

(29) What Josephus here declares his intention to do; if God
permitted; to give the public again an abridgement of the Jewish
War hear of it elsewhere; whether he performed what he now
intended or not。 Some of the reasons of this design of his might
possibly be; his observation of the many errors he had been
guilty of in the two first of those seven books of the War; which
were written when he was comparatively young; and less acquainted
with the Jewish antiquities than he now was; and in which
abridgement we might have hoped to find those many passages which
himself; as well as those several passages which others refer to;
as written by him; but which are not extant in his present works。
However; since many of his own references to what he had written
elsewhere; as well as most of his own errors; belong to such
early times as could not well come into this abridgement of the
Jewish War; and since none of those that quote things not now
extant in his works; including himself as well as others; ever
cite any such abridgement; I am forced rather to suppose that he
never did publish any such work at all; I mean; as distinct from
his own Life; written by himself; for an appendix to these
Antiquities; and this at least seven years after these
Antiquities were finished。 Nor indeed does it appear to me that
Josephus ever published that other work here mentioned; as
intended by him for the public also: I mean the three or four
books concerning God and his essence; and concerning the Jewish
laws; why; according to them; some things were permitted the
Jews; and others prohibited; which last seems to be the same work
which Josephus had also promised; if God permitted; at the
conclusion of his preface to these Antiquities; nor do I suppose
that he ever published any of them。 The
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