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the origins of contemporary france-2-第15章

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Vive le Tiers…Etat !'〃 His two companions were knights of St。

Louis; and their badges seemed an object of 〃increasing hatred。〃

〃The badge excited coarse mutterings; even on the part of persons

who appeared superior to the agitators。〃



'17' Dampmartin; ibid。  i。  25 : 〃 I was dining this very day at the

H?tel d'Ecquevilly; in the Rue Saint…Louis。〃 He leaves the house on

foot and witnesses the disturbance。  〃Fifteen to Sixteen hundred

wretches; the excrement of the nation; degraded by shameful vices;

covered with rags; and gorged with brandy; presented the most

disgusting and revolting spectacle。  More than a hundred thousand

persons of both sexes and of all ages and conditions interfered

greatly with the operations of the troops。  The firing soon

commenced and blood flowed: two innocent persons were wounded near

me。〃



'18' De Goncourt; 〃La Société Fran?aise pendant la Révolution。〃

Thirty…one gambling…houses are counted here; while a pamphlet of the

day is entitled 〃Pétition des deux mill cent filles du Palais…

Royal。〃



'19' Montjoie; 2nd part; 144。   Bailly; II; 130。



'20' Arthur Young; June 24th; 1789。  …  Montjoie; 2nd part; 69。



'21' Arthur Young; June 9th; 24th; and 26th。  …   〃La France libre;〃

passim; by C。  Desmoulins。



'22' C。  Desmoulins; letters to his father; and Arthur Young; June

9th。



'23' Montjoie; 2nd part; 69; 77; 124; 144。  C。  Desmoulins; letter;

of June 24th and the following days。



'24' Etienne Dumont; 〃Souvenirs;〃 p。72。  …  C。  Desmoulins; letter

of; June 24th。  …  Arthur Young; June 25th。  …   Buchez and Roux;

II。  28。



'25' Bailly; I。  227 and 179。  …  Monnier; 〃Recherches sur les

causes;〃 etc。  I。  289; 291; II。61;   Malouet; I。  299; II。  10。

  〃Actes des Ap?tres;〃 V。43。  (Letter of M。 de Guillermy; July

31st; 1790)。  …   Marmontel; I。  28: 〃The people came even into the

Assembly; to encourage their partisans; to select and indicate their

victims; and to terrify the feeble with the dreadful trial of open

balloting。〃



'26' Manuscript letters of M。 Boullé; deputy; to the municipal

authorities of Pontivy; from May 1st; 1789; to September 4th; 1790

(communicated by M。 Rosenzweig; archivist at Vannes)。  June 16th;

1789: 〃The crowd gathered around the hall 。  。  。  was; during these

days; from 3;000 to 4;000 persons。〃



'27' Letters of M。 Boullé; June 23rd。  〃How sublime the moment; that

in which we enthusiastically bind ourselves to the country by a new

oath! 。  。  。  。  Why should this moment be selected by one of our

number to dishonor himself? His name is now blasted throughout

France。  And the unfortunate man has children! Suddenly overwhelmed

by public contempt he leaves; and falls fainting at the door;

exclaiming; 'Ah! this will be my death!' I do not know what has

become of him since。  What is strange is; he had not behaved badly

up to that time; and he voted for the Constitution。〃



'28' De Ferrières; I。  168。  …  Malouet; I。  298 (according to him

the faction did not number more than ten members);  idem II。  10。

…  Dumont; 250。



'29' 〃Convention nationale〃 governed France from 21st September 1792

until Oct。  26th 1796。  We distinguish between three different

assemblies; 〃la Convention Girondine〃 1792…93; 〃the Mountain;〃 1793…

94 and 〃la Thermidorienne; from 1794…1795。  (SR)。



'30' Declaration of June 23rd; article 15。



'31' Montjoie; 2nd part; 118。   C。  Desmoulins; letters of June

24th and the following days。  A faithful narrative by M。 de Sainte…

Fère; formerly an officer in the French Guard; p。9。   De Bezenval;

III; 413。  …  Buchez and Roux; II。  35。   〃Souvenirs〃; by PASQUIER

(Etienne…Dennis; duc); chancelier de France。  in VI volumes;

Librarie Plon; Paris 1893。。



'32' Peuchet (〃Encyclopédie Méthodique;〃 1789; quoted by Parent

Duchatelet): 〃Almost all of the soldiers of the Guard belong to that

class (the procurers of public women): many; indeed; only enlist in

the corps that they may live at the expense of these unfortunates。〃



'33' Gouverneur Morris; 〃Liberty is now the general cry; authority

is a name and no longer a reality。〃 (Correspondence with Washington;

July 19th。)



'34' Bailly。  I。  302。  〃The King was very well…disposed; his

measures were intended only to preserve order and the public peace。

。  。  Du Chatelet was forced by facts to acquit M。 de Bezenval of

attempts against the people and the country。〃   Cf。  Marmontel;

IV。  183; Mounier; II; 40。



'35' Desmoulins; letter of the 16th July。  Buchez and Roux; II。  83。



'36' Trial of the Prince de Lambesc (Paris; 1790); with the eighty…

three depositions and the discussion of the testimony。  …  It is the

crowd which began the attack。  The troops fired in the air。  But one

man; a sieur Chauvel; was wounded slightly by the Prince de Lambesc。

(Testimony of M。 Carboire; p。84; and of Captain de Reinack; p。

101。) 〃M。 le Prince de Lambesc; mounted on a gray horse with a gray

saddle without holsters or pistols; had scarcely entered the garden

when a dozen persons jumped at the mane and bridle of his horse and

made every effort to drag him off。  A small man in gray clothes

fired at him with a pistol。  。  。  。  The prince tried hard to free

himself; and succeeded by making his horse rear up and by

flourishing his sword; without; however; up to this time; wounding

any one。  。  。  。  He deposes that he saw the prince strike a man on

the head with the flat of his saber who was trying to close the

turning…bridge; which would have cut off the retreat of his troops

The troops did no more than try to keep off the crowd which assailed

them with stones; and even with firearms; from the top of the

terraces。〃   The man who tried to close the bridge had seized the

prince's horse with one hand; the wound he received was a scratch

about 23 lines long; which was dressed and cured with a bandage

soaked in brandy。  All the details of the affair prove that the

patience and humanity of the officer; were extreme。  Nevertheless

〃on the following day; the 13th; some one posted a written placard

on the crossing Bussy recommending the citizens of Paris to seize

the prince and quarter him at once。〃  (Deposition of M。 Cosson;

p。114。



'37' Bailly; I。  3; 6。    Marmontel; IV。  310



'38' Montjoie; part 3; 86。  〃I talked with those who guarded the

chateau of the Tuileries。  They did not belong to Paris。  。  。  。  A

frightful physiognomy and hideous apparel。〃 Montjoie; not to be

trusted in many places; merits consultation for little facts of

which he was an eye…witness。   Morellet; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。  374。  …

Dusaulx; 〃L'?uvre des sept jours;〃 352。  …  Revue Historique;〃

March; 1876。  Interrogatory of Desnot。  His occupation during the

13th of July (published by Guiffrey)。



'39' Mathieu Dumas; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。  531。  〃Peaceable people fled at

the sight of these groups of strange; frantic vagabonds。  Everybody

closed their houses 。  。  。 。 When I reached home; in the Saint…

Denis quarter; several of these brigands caused great alarm by

firing off guns in the air。〃



'40' Dusaulx; 379。



'41' Dusaulx; 359; 360; 361; 288; 336。  〃 In effect their entreaties

resembled commands; and; more than once; it was impossible to resist

them。〃



'42' Dusaulx; 447 (Deposition of the invalides)。 〃Revue

Rétrospective;〃 IV。  282 (Narrative of the commander of the thirty…

two Swiss Guards)。



'43' Marmontel; IV。  317。



'44' Dusaulx; 454。  〃The soldiers replied that they would accept

whatever happened rather than cause the destruction of so great a

number of their fellow…citizens。〃



'45' Dusaulx; 447。  The number of combatants; maimed; wounded; dead;

and living; is 825。   Marmontel; IV。  320。  〃To the number of

victors; which has been carried up to 800; people have been added

who were never near the place。〃



'46' 〃Memoires〃; by PASQUIER (Etienne…Dennis; duc; 1767…1862);

chancelier de France。  in VI volumes; Librarie Plon; Paris 1893。

Vol。 I。 p。52。 Pasquier was eye…witness。  He leaned against the fence

of the Beaumarchais garden and looked on; with mademoiselle Contat;

the actress; at his side; who had left her carriage in the Place…

Royale。  Marat; 〃L'ami du peuple;〃 No。  530。  〃When an unheard…of

conjunction of circumstances had caused the fall of the badly

defended walls of the Bastille; under the efforts of a handful of

soldiers and a troop of unfortunate creatures; most of them Germans

and almost all provincials; the Parisians presented themselves the

fortress; curiosity alone having led them there。〃



'47' Narrative of the commander of the thirty…two Swiss。  

Narrative of Cholat; wine…dealer; one of the victors。  

Examination of Desnot (who cut off the head of M。 de Launay)。



'48' Montjoie; part 3; 85。   Dusaulx; 355; 287; 368。



'49' Nothing more。  No Witness states that he had seen the pretended

note to M。 do Launay。  According to Dusaulx; he could not have had

either 
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